How do the genes in our DNA influence our characteristics? For example, how can a gene determine
whether a person is an albino with very pale skin and hair?
Basically, a gene is a segment of DNA that provides the instructions for making a protein, and
proteins influence our characteristics. This chart describes how two different versions of a gene result
in two different versions of a protein which in turn can result in either normal skin and hair color or
albinism.
DNA Protein Characteristic
Version of the gene that provides
instructions to make
normal protein enzyme
Normal enzyme that makes the
pigment molecule in skin and
hair
Normal skin and hair
color
Version of the gene that provides
instructions to make
defective enzyme
Defective enzyme that does
not make this pigment
molecule
Albinism (very pale
skin and hair)
A gene directs the synthesis of a protein by a two-step process.
The first step is transcription of the gene in the DNA.
Transcription produces a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.
The second step is translation of the mRNA molecule.
Translation produces a protein molecule.
During transcription, the sequence of
nucleotides in a gene in the DNA is
copied to a corresponding sequence
of nucleotides in mRNA.
During translation, the sequence of
nucleotides in the mRNA determines
the sequence of amino acids in the
protein.
After translation, the sequence of amino acids in the protein determines the structure and function of
the protein. Differences in protein function can influence characteristics such as normal skin and hair
color vs. albinism.
All isotopes of hydrogen will always contain one proton, as a change in the amount of protons will change the substance. Assuming all isotopes aren’t ions and therefore don’t have a charge, then each of these isotopes has one electron. The only difference between them is the amount of neutrons to account for the different atomic masses.
H1
one proton
one electron
zero neutrons
H2
one proton
one electron
one neutron
H3
one proton
one electron
two neutron
Genotype is 1:2:1 (1 Homozygous tall, 2 heterozygous tall, 1 homozygous short)
Phenotype ratio is 3:1
The heterozygous Tt and recessive tt could produce short pea plants if they were crossed.
Explanation:
Genotype is the alleles present for a particular gene. In the Punnett square we can see there will be three tall pea plants and one short pea plant but they can be either homozygous or heterozygous.
While phenotype is the exhibited trait by particular allele that is 3 tall pea plants and one small pea plant.
If Tt and tt are crossed 50 per cent chances of short pea plant is there.
Answer:
Reptiles have scales, and their skin is dry. Amphibians do not, and their skin is often moist with mucus, which keeps them from drying up.
both are single cells that carry out the functions of life
Explanation:
Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are single cells according to the cell theory and they carry out the functions of life.
- The cell theory postulates that all living organisms are made up of cells and that the cells are the basic organizational unit of life.
- It also proposes that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Eukaryotic cells differs from prokaryotic cells in that they have true nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Despite this seeming different, both cells are able to carryout different life functions as unit and when they combine together, they advance into higher organization of life.
Learn more:
cell theory brainly.com/question/5597701
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