<span>10% rule (efficiency between trophic levels): limits how long an ecosystem's food chain can be
Predator/prey
cost benefit analysis (i.e. foraging) -- cost is risk of being eaten or
killed along the way, benefit is energy/nourishment obtained: limits
distribution of predator v. prey
Immigration/Emigration with other populations and ecosystems
Island
biogeography: size of land and distance from another
population/ecosystem (mainland): limits population size and variability
on island</span>
Answer:
C
Explanation:
As shown in the picture I attached to my answer, we can see all of the tectonic plates, which make up the lithosphere. The pieces do move very slightly every year.
"An organism in which the two copies of the gene are identical — that is, have the same allele — is called homozygous for that gene. An organism which has two different alleles of the gene is called heterozygous."
<span>The answer would be: a. inflammation is accompanied by an increase in peristaltic movements of his small intestine.
The pathogen will attract the white blood cells that will induce inflammation in the intestine. Inflammation of the intestine will cause increased permeability and increased bowel movement, makes the food transit time reduced and lead to diarrhoea. This mechanism is beneficial since it can help the intestine to "flush out" pathogen of toxins that induce the inflammation.</span>
