The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:
a. mosses.
b. charophytes.
c. ferns.
d. gymnosperms.
e. flowering plants.
Answer:
C. ferns.
Explanation:
In the given question, the characteristics of a newly identified species were provided which are:
1. Flagellated sperm: shows that it is either a bryophyte or pteridophyte
2. Dominant sporophyte: chances that it is a pteridophyte
3.The xylem and tracheids: shows that vascular bundle is present which confirms that it is pteridophyte
4. No seeds: confirms that the plant is pteridophyte as vascular bundles with no seed are pteridophyte.
Therefore in the given question, the identified plant is a pteridophyte which in the given option is a fern.
Thus, Option-C is correct.
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Genes encode proteins and proteins dictate cell function. Therefore, the thousands of genes expressed in a particular cell determine what that cell can do. Moreover, each step in the flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein provides the cell with a potential control point for self-regulating its functions by adjusting the amount and type of proteins it manufactures.
At any given time, the amount of a particular protein in a cell reflects the balance between that protein's synthetic and degradative biochemical pathways. On the synthetic side of this balance, recall that protein production starts at transcription (DNA to RNA) and continues with translation (RNA to protein). Thus, control of these processes plays a critical role in determining what proteins are present in a cell and in what amounts. In addition, the way in which a cell processes its RNA transcripts and newly made proteins also greatly influences protein levels.
Answer: Option B.
Explanation:
The first experiment of the passage shows that treatment with TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 antagonists led to lower levels of epithelial cell production. For this conclusion to be strongly valid, we want to show a positive correlation between TGFBR activity and epithelial proliferation.
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