Answer:
In economics, elasticity is the measurement of the percentage change of one economic variable in response to a change in another.
An elastic variable (with an absolute elasticity value greater than 1) is one which responds more than proportionally to changes in other variables. In contrast, an inelastic variable (with an absolute elasticity value less than 1) is one which changes less than proportionally in response to changes in other variables. A variable can have different values of its elasticity at different starting points: for example, the quantity of a good supplied by producers might be elastic at low prices but inelastic at higher prices, so that a rise from an initially low price might bring on a more-than-proportionate increase in quantity supplied while a rise from an initially high price might bring on a less-than-proportionate rise in quantity supplied.
Elasticity can be quantified as the ratio of the percentage change in one variable to the percentage change in another variable, when the latter variable has a causal influence on the former. A more precise definition is given in terms of differential calculus. It is a tool for measuring the responsiveness of one variable to changes in another, causative variable. Elasticity has the advantage of being a unitless ratio, independent of the type of quantities being varied. Frequently used elasticities include price elasticity of demand, price elasticity of supply, income elasticity of demand, elasticity of substitution between factors of production and elasticity of intertemporal substitution.
Elasticity is one of the most important concepts in neoclassical economic theory. It is useful in understanding the incidence of indirect taxation, marginal concepts as they relate to the theory of the firm, and distribution of wealth and different types of goods as they relate to the theory of consumer choice. Elasticity is also crucially important in any discussion of welfare distribution, in particular consumer surplus, producer surplus, or government surplus.
In empirical work an elasticity is the estimated coefficient in a linear regression equation where both the dependent variable and the independent variable are in natural logs. Elasticity is a popular tool among empiricists because it is independent of units and thus simplifies data analysis.
A major study of the price elasticity of supply and the price elasticity of demand for US products was undertaken by Joshua Levy and Trevor Pollock in the late 1960s..
Answer:
Strong nuclear force
Explanation:
The particles in the atom's nucleus bond together because there is a strong nuclear force between the protons and neutrons that attracts them to each other and binds together the nucleus.
The best answer is b) increased turbidity from erosion.
Nonpoint source pollution generally happens as a result of many systems interacting, and is not directly attributed to one event or pollutant. Generally, natural environmental systems participate in pollution of this kind, regardless of whether or not human activity was a factor. Examples include water runoff, or erosion.
The other pollutants listed have a direct cause and direct effect, the animal waste goes directly from the animals to the ground they live on, the car shop directly sumps the oil on the ground, and the oil tank leaks directly into the earth. Erosion causing turbidity is a less direct form of pollution, and is due to the synthesis of several natural phenomena<span />
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Answer:
it is a measure of the heat content of fuels or energy sources
Explanation: