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Answer: Correct options are as follows.
- salt is not chemically bonded to water.
- salt and water retain their own chemical properties.
Explanation:
When salt is dissolved in water then it means that it is a physical change as salt has completely dissociated into ions but they are not chemically combined to the water molecules.
As a result, both salt and water will retain their chemical properties.
For example, NaCl when dissolved in water will dissociate as follows.
Only the particles of salt have evenly distributed in water.
And, when a components of a salt chemically combine with another substance then it will form a new compound.
Therefore, we can conclude that salt dissolved in water is a solution, therefore:
- salt is not chemically bonded to water.
- salt and water retain their own chemical properties.
The factors that affect the rate of a reaction are:
- <em>nature of the reactant</em> - when reactants with different chemical composition are exposed to same conditions they would react differently. For instance, when an acid or base is added on litmus paper, blue litmus paper turns red in presence of acid while red litmus paper turns blue when base is added.
- <em>surface area</em>- a compound with small pieces spread over a large area will react faster than a big lump of a compound occupying a small area.
- <em>temperature of reaction</em>- reactants would react faster at high temperatures. this is because they have higher kinetic energy to collide with each other. Hence a plate of food on the table spoils faster than a plate of food in the fridge.
- <em>concentration</em>- an increase in concentration leads to more molecules available to collide and form products. An example, when you add more of indicator in a solution, the color becomes more clear since more particles react to give more color.
- <em>presence of a catalyst</em>- a catalyst lowers the activation energy, which means less energy is required to shift reaction in forward direction. In the presence of iron (Fe) a catalyst, nitrogen N₂ and hydrogen H₂ react to produce NH₃
Answer:
The charge carried by each ion (oxidation state of each atom)
Explanation:
If we have an ionic compound and we want to write its formula, we must first know the magnitude of charge on each ion (shown as oxidation state of the atoms involved) because the magnitude of charge on each ion is eventually crisscrossed and gives the subscript (number of atoms) for each atom in the formula.
For instance, let us write the formula of calcium bromide. Ca has a charge of +2 while Br has a charge of -1. If we exchange the charges and ignore the signs such that the crisscrossed charges form subscripts we can now write; .