DNA is essentially a storage molecule. It contains all of the instructions a cell needs to sustain itself. These instructions are found within genes, which are sections of DNA made up of specific sequences of nucleotides. In order to be implemented, the instructions contained within genes must be expressed, or copied into a form that can be used by cells to produce the proteins needed to support life.
The instructions stored within DNA are read and processed by a cell in two steps: transcription and translation. Each of these steps is a separate biochemical process involving multiple molecules. During transcription, a portion of the cell's DNA serves as a template for creation of an RNA molecule. (RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is chemically similar to DNA, except for three main differences described later on in this concept page.) In some cases, the newly created RNA molecule is itself a finished product, and it serves an important function within the cell. In other cases, the RNA molecule carries messages from the DNA to other parts of the cell for processing. Most often, this information is used to manufacture proteins. The specific type of RNA that carries the information stored in DNA to other areas of the cell is called messenger RNA, or mRNA.
How does transcription proceed?
Transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA template strand and begins assembling a new chain of nucleotides to produce a complementary RNA strand. There are multiple types of types of RNA. In eukaryotes, there are multiple types of RNA polymerase which make the various types of RNA. In prokaryotes, a single RNA polymerase makes all types of RNA. Generally speaking, polymerases are large enzymes that work together with a number of other specialized cell proteins. These cell proteins, called transcription factors, help determine which DNA sequences should be transcribed and precisely when the transcription process should occur.
Answer:
valence electrons an element has in its outer shell, the easier it is to complete.
The most electron shells an element has, the easier it is to fill its outermost shell.
Explanation:
Non metals atoms bond to other elements by sharing or completing the valance electrons in other element. This is easily made when the other element lacks a small number of electrons, for example with Hydrogen it has 1 valance electron because of that it is easier to bond with other elements.
Ecosystems experience change through human activity and natural events. This is because human activity can impact changes in nature, like climate for example. As a result, ecosystems change in response to the change in nature or natural events, which was caused by human activities. They are interrelated so to speak.
Answer:
The correct answer is The process of photosynthesis is energy storing because the process converts light energy into chemical energy which stored in the bonds of glucose.
Explanation:
During photosynthesis the light harvesting complexes absorb sunlinght and transfer that light energy to the reaction centre of photosystem.The photosystem then converts the light energy into chemical energy in form of ATP.
The ATP molecules are used along with NADPH to form glucose in the dark reaction of photosynthesis.
Answer: About 1 in 200,000 people in the United States are born with syndrome A ... Prevalence, The prevalence of a gene mutation or a genetic disorder is the ... Can a change in the number of genes affect health and development
Explanation:
