Answer: The correct answer is-
an agent that causes a mutation in DNA.
Mutagen is an agent or a substance that causes permanent change in the genetic material of living organisms ( DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid). This process is called mutation.
A mutagen can be a chemical, physical or biological agent that causes mutation in the DNA.
Example- Physical agents such as -
- Ionizing radiations like alpha particles, gamma rays, X-rays that brings break in the DNA and cause other damages.
- Ultraviolet radiations that creates pyrimidine dimers ( T=T) and causes replication errors if damage is not repaired.
Cholera occurs when the G protein cannot hydrolyze GTP to GDP so the G protein is always active. This causes water and salt to leak out causing diarrhea and eventually death by dehydration.
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Chronic jetlag can cause cognitive deficits that can be permanent. This happens because the normal circadian rhythm of the body is disrupted. The endogenous system of circadian timing in the body adapts slowly. This disturbance can impair the physical and psychological health of the person.