Answer:
The correct answer is : C .It will decrease ATP production because fewer protons will be able flow down through ATP synthase.
Explanation:
- Oxidative Phosphorylation is a process which involves two steps:
- Transport of electrons from the reduced compounds like NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) and FADH₂ (Flavin adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen) through the electron transport complexes, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to oxygen for the generation of water molecules.
- Synthesis of ATP or adenosine triphosphate from ADP or adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by an enzyme called ATP synthase which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme harnesses energy by carrying protons from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix and in the process produces ATP.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria, especially involving the inter membrane space, inner membrane and mitochondrial matrix
- During the transport of electrons through the protein complexes (I, II, III, IV) of the electron transport chain a proton gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- The proton gradient is such that the concentration of protons is more in the inter-membrane space and less in the matrix of the mitochondria.
- This proton gradient provides the energy to the ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP.
- Dinitrophenol is responsible for making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. As a result protons can directly diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix equalising the concentration of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This causes distortion in the proton gradient. Hence, protons are no longer available for the ATP synthase to operate and synthesise ATP.
Answer: Capillary action occurs because water is sticky, thanks to the forces of cohesion (water molecules like to stay close together) and adhesion (water molecules are attracted and stick to other substances).
It reminds me of naruto
Answer:
Minimally processed
Explanation:
Foods are said to be minimally processed when they undergo a little treatment so as to preserve them. These treatments might involve the application of heat, drying, and refrigeration so as to preserve them before consumption. Most fresh-cut fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, dairy products, etc., fall under this range.
These kind of foods still contain a good amount of their nutrients as their original content are not lost due to excessive processing.
Answer:
c. Glycolysis evolved in an oxygen-rich environment.
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the pathway that breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It is a common pathway that is performed by both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. In aerobic organisms, glycolysis is followed by Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain. In anaerobic organisms, alcohol or lactic acid fermentation regenerate the NAD+ which is required to sustain glycolysis.
Therefore, glycolysis is independent of oxygen availability and can be performed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. This means that the pathway of glycolysis evolved under anaerobic conditions.
Answer:
chitin
Explanation:
chitin is a complex carbohydrates, similar to cellulose, that makes up organic structure, such as the cell walls of fungi and exoskeletons of insects and other arthropods.