Explanation:
As the two plates move away from each other in a divergent boundary, the magma from the mantle beneath rises to replace the void created. The magma then cools into a new crust. Before the magma cools, the iron minerals align themselves with the magnetic fields of the earth due to their ferromagnetic properties. These cause the rocks after they are cooled to seem to have bands.
Due to magnetic reversals of the earth's magnetic fields (i.e change in magnetic north and south poles) over several hundred thousand years, these bands will orient differently depending on the then earth magnetic polarity when the magma was cooling.
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Explanation:
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The upper mantle of Earth is a very thick layer of rock inside the planet, which begins just beneath the crust (at about 10 km (6.2 mi) under the oceans and about 35 km (22 mi) under the continents) and ends at the top of the lower mantle at 670 km (420 mi). Temperatures range from approximately 200 °C (392 °F) at the upper boundary with the crust to approximately 900 °C (1,650 °F) at the boundary with the lower mantle. Upper mantle material which has come up onto the surface is made up of about 55% olivine, 35% pyroxene and 5 to 10% of calcium oxide and aluminum oxide minerals such as plagioclase, spinel, or garnet, depending upon depth.
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