The answer is a. and b.
Diamond is pure carbon(C). Salt is pure sodium chloride (NaCl). Ocean water can contain a number of different elements mostly Water (H2O) and sodium (Na)
B the higher the number the colder it is because it is away from the eqator
He could have taken it to an area out of his workstation while telling his boss he had a phone call.
Or
He could have been more polite on the phone.
The solution is hypertonic, and the cell will lose water.