Answer:
D. Both a and c are correct.
Explanation:
The tragedy of the commons is a situation in a shared-resource system where individual users, acting independently according to their own self-interest, behave contrary to the common good of all users by depleting or spoiling the shared resource through their collective action.
It damages our environment (plants, animals) and impacts local tourism. It is smelly and dirty, and carries germs, bacteria and viruses. Places with a high degree of littering see a decreases in property values, and are more likely to be the site of fires.
Pollution is a negative externality. Economists illustrate the social costs of production with a demand and supply diagram. The social costs include the private costs of production incurred by the company and the external costs of pollution that are passed on to society.
Blowing litter can cause automobile accidents as well as land and air pollutions
Ecology
Ecology studies the life of living things and their environment.
Answer:
Yes, it is.
Explanation:
Penguins are a species of seabird that lives in the southern hemisphere, in areas close to Antarctica, characterized by its cold and wide expanses of sea without land. In this context, penguins are capable of living in these temperatures and feeding on fish and other marine elements. In addition, they are unable to fly, but not so to move through the sea using their wings for it.
Answer: Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria
Explanation:
In the Nitrogen cycle, nitrogen fixing bacteria are very important in ensuring that plants get nitrogen to enable them grow and as animals have to eat plants, these bacteria are essential for our survival as well.
Plants are unable to use atmospheric nitrogen but nitrogen-fixing bacteria are able to synthesize ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen. They can then convert this to Nitrites and Nitrates which are more useful to plants and animals by extension.