From the equation; ΔTf = Kf × m
Where, Kf for water = 1.853 K kg/mole; m is the molarity = number of solute/amount of solvent in kg.
Glucose is the solute whose molecular mass is 180 g/mole and water is the solvent.
Moles of solute = 15.5/180 = 0.0861 moles
Amount of solvent in kg = 245/1000 = 0.245 Kg
Therefore; molarity = 0.0861/0.245 = 0.3515 moles/Kg
Therefore; ΔTf = 1.853 × 0.3515 = 0.6513 K
Hence; the depression in freezing point is 0.6513
The freezing point of solution will therefore be;
= 273 - 0.6513 = 272.3487 K
A reaction that is spontaneous means that it can produce products without the supply of energy. The total energy from the reactants reached the activation energy that allow the reaction proceed. An example of this is the decay of a diamond into graphite occuring readily.
The formula of work is Work (Joules)=Force (Newtons) · distance in the direction of the force (meters), therefore its just a matter of replacing factors.
Work done = 12 · 4.5= 54 joules
Answer:
Carbon has 4 valence electrons (electrons that are used in bonding), and therefore it can make 4 bonds which is the most one can (other than some exceptions, but in general it is the most). It wants to make 4 bonds so it can reach a full octet of 8 elections, hence the rule of 8.
Explanation:
