MASTERING CONCEPTS<br> 31. List three examples of substances. Explain why each<br> is a substance.

What was one main point of Dalton’s atomic theory

s344n2d4d5 [400]

Answer:

Everything is composed of atoms! which are the indivisible building blocks of matter and cannot be destroyed. All atoms of an element are identical. The atoms of different elements vary in size and mass.

Explanation:

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2 years ago

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Iron and Oxygen form rust. Compare the mass of iron and oxygen before the reaction with the mass of rust resulting from the reac

LekaFEV [45]

The mass will stay the same because of the conservation of mass

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If the molecule could move upward without colliding with other molecules, then how high would it go before coming to rest? Give

tankabanditka [31]

The maximum height at which nitrogen molecule will go before coming to rest is 14 kilometers.

Given:

The nitrogen gas molecule with a temperature of 330 Kelvins is released from Earth's surface to travel upward.

To find:

The maximum height of a nitrogen molecule when released from the Earth's surface before coming to rest.

Solution:

The maximum height attained by nitrogen gas molecule = h
The temperature of nitrogen gas particle = T = 330 K

The average kinetic energy of the gas particles is given by:

$K.E=\frac{3}{2}K_bT\\\\K.E=\frac{3}{2}\times 1.38\times 10^{-23} J/K\times 330 K\\\\K.E=6.381\times 10^{-21} J$

The nitrogen molecule at its maximum height will have zero kinetic energy as all the kinetic energy will get converted into potential energy

The potential energy at height h = $P.E = 6.381\times 10^{-21} J$
Molar mass of nitrogen gas = 28.0134 g/mol
Mass of nitrogen gas molecule = m

$m= \frac{ 28.0134 g/mol}{6.022\times 10^{23} mol^{-1}}=4.652\times 10^{-23} g\\\\1g=0.001kg\\\\m=4.652\times 10^{-23}\times 0.001 kg\\\\=4.652\times 10^{-26} kg$

The acceleration due to gravity = g = 9.8 m/s^2
The maximum height attained by nitrogen gas molecule = h
The potential energy is given by:

$P.E=mgh$

$6.381\times 10^{-21} J=4.652\times 10^{-26} kg\times 9.8 m/s^2\times h\\\\h=\frac{6.381\times 10^{-21} J}{4.652\times 10^{-26} kg\times 9.8 m/s^2}\\\\h=13,996.6 m\\\\1 m = 0.001 km\\\\h=13,996.6 m=h=13,996.6\times 0.001 k m\\\\=13.9966 km \approx 14 km$