Answer:
Due to newly formed land.
Explanation:
Surtsey provided ideal conditions for studying primary succession because due to volcanic eruption all the vegetation and living organisms are destroyed from the surface and the land has no vegetation. Primary succession only occurs when the land is colonized for the first time after the formation of land due to natural disaster such as volcanic eruption etc. So we can say that Surtsey provided the conditions for observing primary succession.
The answer is B, DNA to RNA to protein
Earths lithospere is solid and sits on top of the softer asthenosphere.
The benefit is that capturing the energy from the waves is another source of replenishable energy (like solar or wind power)