For the chemical reactiom to be at equilibrium:
1- The rate of forward reaction must be equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
2- The mass of EACH element must be equal before and after the reaction (no NET change in mass), otherwise the equilibrium will shift.
Important note: you need to check the mass of each element before and after the reaction (i.e, reactants side and products side) and the not the mass of the system as a whole. This is because the mass of the whole system will be preserved whether the system is at equilibrium or not (this is the fundamental law of mass conservation)
Answer:
Recycling aluminium saves around 95% of the energy needed to make the metal from raw materials. Along with the energy savings, recycling aluminium saves around 95% of the greenhouse gas emissions compared to the 'primary' production process.
Explanation:
Here we apply the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
ln(P₁/P₂) = ΔH/R x (1/T₂ - 1/T₁)
The normal vapor pressure is 4.24 kPa (P₁)
The boiling point at this pressure is 293 K (P₂)
The heat of vaporization is 39.9 kJ/mol (ΔH)
We need to find the vapor pressure (P₂) at the given temperature 355.3 K (T₂)
ln(4.24/P₂) = 39.9/0.008314 x (1/355.3 - 1/293)
P₂ = 101.2 kPa
Gases, bc its expand the most upon heating because the intermolecular space is more than in solids or liquids.
intermolecular space = the space between each particles
