D. The focused state as he reads
Answer: Choosing a particular subject like "healthcare' to focus on
Explanation:
There are various ways to narrow the scope of a research topic such as choosing a particular population, time period, location in the world and causes and the like. This will enable the research to be easier to do and cheaper as well.
Choosing a particular subject will not necessarily narrow a topic because the topic is most likely under a subject as well. Basing it again on a subject would broaden the scope as subjects are general in nature.
Usually your problems start at your "Rising Action"
Think of it like in movies, your ACTION is because of a CONFLICT between characters.
It keeps you on track and organize your time!
Hope this helps!
♤MidnightQueen