B. Ice-albedo feedback
Explanation:
The ice-albedo feedback is one process that can significantly increase the rate of greenhouse emissions in response to a decreased albedo.
Albedo is the ratio of reflected light to incident light.
A decrease in albedo suggests that a surface is absorbing more light than it is reflecting. This is typical of areas with land cover and vegetation.
Areas with a high reflectivity have a high albedo. Snow, ice and polar regions are good reflectors of solar radiation. They have a very high albedo close to 100%. Much of the surface area is buried with ice.
Examples of greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor e.t.c
How does a low albedo relates to increase in greenhouse gas emission?
- The ice-albedo feedback can substantially contribute to greenhouse gas emission.
- The high reflectivity of ice causes long wave radiation to warm the air around a icy body in polar regions.
- When ice melts, they leave land bare and exposed.
- Melt water collects in pockets.
- Exposed land leads to a decrease in albedo.
- Organisms can thrive more in warm terrain.
- Also, pockets of carbon dioxide gases trapped in ice is released.
- Organisms release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during cellular respiration.
- Soils originally permafrost will become stable and this will encourage more human occupation of the area.
- All these activities leads to an increase in the emission of greenhouse gases in an area with low albedo.
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The long arm of a chromosome
Answer:
the time that cell spend in prophase is 30 minutes
Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
= Number of cell ÷ sample
= 25 ÷ 100
= 1 ÷ 4
Now it takes two hours
So,
= 1 ÷ 4 × 2 hours
= 0.5
This 0.5 represent the 30 minutes
Hence, the time that cell spend in prophase is 30 minutes
Answer:
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2 daughter cells with 6 chromosomes each.
Explanation:
If a cell with six chromosomes undergoes mitosis, it will produce 2 (number) daughter cells that contain 6 (number) chromosomes.
Down syndrome is caused by the nondisjuction of the chromosome 21.
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