When a character exhibits one primary trait throughout a story, the character is a static character.
A static character is a character in a story which doesn't show a significant change in his/her character. He/she remains with the same character quality throughout the story.
4. When characters say something that's the opposite of what they mean, they're using irony.
The irony is the statement which has the meaning opposite to what is said literally. It creates humor.
8. A plot is often full of obstacles, referred to as complications.
The plot is the sequence of events through which the story moves on. At times the plot undergoes challenges and problems which is said to be complications.
9. The concept of ambiguity in stories can be summed up with the statement, "characters keep running into additional conflicts."
Ambiguity is the state of confusion which leads to vagueness. When characters run with additional conflicts they are said to be in the state of ambiguity.
12. Another name for "informational reading" is nonfiction.
Nonfiction is the narratives which are created with the facts, and truths about the people, events, and situations.
18. In "A White Heron," having made her choice between an attraction of the heart and her bond with nature, Sylvia retains her loyalty to nature as her affection for the hunter grows.
19. Symbolic is considered a genre of fictional literature.
Symbols are the representation of another thing to another which have some reference.