Answer: 3 stages- glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In glycolysis, the beginning process of all types of cellular respiration, two molecules of ATP are used to attach 2 phosphate groups to a glucose molecule, which is broken down into 2 separate 3-carbon PGAL molecules. PGAL releases electrons and hydrogen ions to the electron carrier molecule NADP+. A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released as carbon dioxide. The two-carbon molecule from the first step is oxidized, and NAD+ accepts the electrons to form NADH. The oxidized two-carbon molecule, an acetyl group, is attached to Coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA. The citric acid cycle, where acetyl CoA is modified in the mitochondria to produce energy precursors in preparation for the next step. Oxidative phosphorylation, the process where electron transport from the energy precursors from the citric acid cycle (step 3) leads to the phosphorylation of ADP, producing ATP. The space between the inner and outer membrane is called the intermembrane space. The space enclosed by the inner membrane is called the matrix. The second stage of cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle, takes place in the matrix. The third stage, electron transport, takes place on the inner membrane.
Explanation:
Characteristics of Lancelets:
Small
Elongated
Marine invertebrate
Lacks a jaw
No sense organs
Has a notochord
Example: Lamprey
Characteristics of Tunicates:
Marine invertebrate
Has an outer coat that is rubbery or hard
Has two siphons
Examples: sea squirts, salps
Given what we know, we can confirm that the three pathways of photosynthesis (C3, C4, and CAM) are all similar in that they use CO2 as the substrate in order to produce sugar, which is carbon-based.
<h3>Why are these pathways similar?</h3>
- These pathways all produce carbon-based molecules in the form of sugars or carbohydrates.
- These pathways are also similar in that they use carbon dioxide as the substrate in order to fuel these reactions and create sugar.
- Finally, they are also similar in terms of the use of carbon and the production of carbon-based molecules in that they all use the Calvin cycle to complete this process.
Therefore, we can confirm that each of the three pathways of photosynthesis are similar in terms of carbon and the formation of carbon-based molecules in that each of them uses the Calvin cycle in order to turn carbon dioxide into sugars.
To learn more about the Calvin cycle visit:
brainly.com/question/13984369?referrer=searchResults
Maybe this helps ? Please look at the picture
Answer:
I think the answer would be D,I'm not really sure though,hope I'm right,sorry if I,m not :)
Explanation:
