The definition of heat transfer through convection involves the movement of a fluid that causes heat to move away from a hear source. That being said, convection can take place in a lake, air inside, and air outside since both liquids and gasses are considered to be fluids.
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Of the three sources listed, geothermal energy
is the least dependent on the weather.
(Once it's installed and running, that is.)
A. Adding a catalyst. A catalyst by definition is a compound that speeds up reaction rates.