The nursing intervention that should be a priority when an older adult client gets diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and has fluid volume excess is: assessing the client's lung sounds.
ESRD is a chronic kidney disease resulting in kidney failure. This is a gradual loss of the functioning of kidney that cannot be restored. The only solution to this disease is long-term dialysis on a regular basis or kidney transplant.
Lung sounds are of different types depending upon the condition of a person lungs. Listening to this sound, also called auscultation is necessary to assess the right medical condition. The sounds related to fluid overload in lungs are grunting, gurgling, or wheezing.
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Answer:
The correct option is: b. trabeculae
Explanation:
Trabeculae are the tiny rod-like elements of the bone tissues that are responsible for supporting the framework of the various organs or parts of the body. It is generally made up of dense collagenous tissue and can also be composed of muscles and bones.
<u>The cancellous bone, also known as the spongy bone, is produced by the groupings of trabeculated bone tissues</u>.
TLDR: Antibiotics must be taken several weeks to fully kill the bacteria. Else, surviving bacteria develops drug resistance.
Antibiotic prescription really depends on the patient's condition. Some conditions like major surgery or diseases that cause immunosuppression are more prone to bacterial infection, thus they must take antibiotics for prolonged periods of time to fight their current infections or prevent further infections.
Antibiotics, as a general rule, must be given 7 days or several weeks (depending on the bacteria/pathogen) to be sure that all the disease-causing bacteria are dead. If the drugs are taken only until symptoms fade, the surviving bacteria (now fewer in number and not causing symptoms) will develop mutations that may help resist the previously-taken antibiotic, giving rise to drug resistance.
Thus, Arjun must take the antibiotics for several weeks more (according to the doctor's orders, of course) to kill all remaining bacteria and also to prevent bacterial drug resistance. Which is really problematic, since we're slowly losing our number of effective antibiotics.
Flow rate needed to deliver the dose 250 ml bag of NS with 1g of Kefzol is 41.6gtt/min.
What is kefzol?
Cefazolin or kefzol is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It may also be used before and during certain surgeries to help prevent infection. This medication is known as a cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Given data:
Volume = 250ml
time = 60 mins
drop factor = 10gtt/min
Volume (mL)/ Time (min)x Drop Factor = Y (Flow Rate)
250ml/60 mins×10gtt/min = Y
Y = 41.6 gtts/min
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Answer:
The correct answer is a. plasma and interstitial fluid
Explanation:
Extracellular means outside the cell therefore the fluids present outside the cells are called extracellular fluids. Plasma and interstitial fluid are the most abundant extracellular fluid component measuring approx 97% of total extracellular fluid.
Interstitial fluid provide medium for transportation of different substances like nutrients and electrolytes which are important for a cell to function. They are also important for discharge of waste generated by the body cells.
Plasma is yellow colored fluid which contains mostly water and blood cells. They also helps in nutrient transport and waste removal. It makes about 55% of volume of blood.
