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Carrying capacity, in biology, is the mps (maximum population size) of the species that the environment is able to take care of. The environment should be able to give food, habitat, and water, and other necessities needed for the certain animal species. If there are to many of the species, the environment may not be able to care for all animals, due to the fact that there will not be enough resources for all of the animals.
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Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html
Animals with a three-chambered heart would include Amphibians.
- Amphibians have three-chambered which comprises of two Atria and one ventricle. Examples of Amphibians include Frog, Toads, Salamanders.
- In Amphibians heart blood from the single ventricle travels to the lungs, skin, and body, where it is oxygenated. Before being pumped out of the heart, deoxygenated and oxygenated blood are mixed in the ventricle.
- This is because the Amphibians have low rate of metabolism and thus requires less oxygen for their metabolism.
- As a result heart's load to deliver oxygenated blood to body is lowered.
Thus, from the above pointers we can conclude that only Amphibians from the option have three-chambered heart.
Learn more about Amphibians:
brainly.com/question/27961653
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Answer:
Explanation: DNA is the information molecule. It stores instructions for making other large molecules, called proteins. and the function of DNA is To carry out these functions, DNA sequences must be converted into messages that can be used to produce proteins, which are the complex molecules that do most of the work in our bodies.
It’s renewable so option C.
