Physical exercise preserves bone mass. Measurements of bone biomarkers may reflect the events in bone during exercise. Fifteen healthy, well-trained individuals (7 men and 8 women) performed a running test for 21 min until exhaustion. Venous blood samples were drawn before and 30 min after the exercise to measure the levels of osteocalcin, the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). After exercise, the women had a marked increase in serum osteocalcin concentrations (from 7.5±5.0 μg/1 to 11.5±3.0 μg/1), whereas the level was unaffected in the men (from 14.5±3.0 μg/1 to 13.5±4.6 μg/l). In the men there was a marked increase in PICP (from 240±47 μg/1 to 268±56 μg/1) that was not seen in the women (from 244±70 μg/1 to 253±60 μg/1). In neither group did ICTP levels change. In conclusion, significant responses were seen in PICP and osteocalcin during exercise, indicating that such measurements may be valuable for the further delineation of the effects of physical activity on bone. Furthermore, the different responses in men and women point to interesting areas for future studies.
Answer:
Supreme Court (top)
Courts of Appeal (middle)
District Courts (bottom)
Explanation:
The process described which shows the hydrosphere interacting with the lithosphere is river water eroding a rocky bank and carrying silt to the sea which is therefore denoted as option B.
<h3>What is Hydrosphere?</h3>
This is referred to as the combined mass or quantity of water found on the plant such as earth and it comprises of different water bodies such as rivers, seas etc.
Lithosphere on the other hand is referred to as the solid, outer part of Earth which consists of the upper portion of the mantle and the crust in the form of rocks etc.
Water is very important in the ecosystem and is the reason why it is recycled so as to enable its presence which is usually in the form of precipitation. River water which is part of the hydrosphere erodes a rocky bank which forms part of the lithosphere.
Read more about Lithosphere here brainly.com/question/28135333
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Answer:
Since, the original DNA sequence has not been provided, the mutation can be an insertion/deletion or a frameshift mutation.
- Mutated DNA
- Frameshift mutation/ insertion or deletion
- All the amino acids changed after the point mutation
Explanation:
Frameshift Mutation:
- A frameshift mutation is the alteration in the reading frame of the DNA due to the addition/deletion of one or two nucleotides.
- This type of mutation moves the mRNA sequence one or two bases forwards or backwards which disrupts the three base codons sequence required for translation into proteins.
- The CT at the end of the sequence is indicative of a frameshift in the DNA reading frame.
- Frameshift mutation affect all amino acids in a polypeptide chain as all codons are moved one or two steps forwards or backwards.
According to Max Weber, what factor or factors are responsible for social stratification?
B. class, prestige, and power
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