All three photographs show objects in orbit. The object in figure A is a comet; it orbits the Sun in a long, elliptical orbit. The object in figure B is a section of the asteroid belt. Asteroids orbit the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The object in figure C is a planet, which also orbits the Sun.
The details in the passage show that the Arctic Day adds suspense and terror among the folk attended. This meaning it is dread upon whom are around to witness. As said "As darkness came on the hunting cries to right and left rear drew closer so close that more than once they sent surges fear through the toiling dogs - sending them into panic".
