Answer:
Where 
represent the force for each of the 5 cases 
presented on the figure attached.
Explanation:
For this case the figure attached shows the illustration for the problem
We have an inverse square law with distance for the force, so then the force of gravity between Earth and the spaceship is lower when the spaceship is far away from Earth.
Th formula is given by:
Where G is a constant 
represent the mass for the earth
represent the mass for the spaceship
represent the radius between the earth and the spaceship
For this reason when the distance between the Earth and the Spaceship increases the Force of gravity needs to decrease since are inversely proportional the force and the radius, and for the other case when the Earth and the spaceship are near then the radius decrease and the Force increase.
Based on this case we can create the following rank:
Where represent the force for each of the 5 cases presented on the figure attached.
Answer:
300 cos 30 = 40 a + 40 * .2 * 10
Total force = mass * acceleration + frictional force
260 = 40 a + 80
a = 180 / 40 = 4.5 m/s^2
Check:
15 a + 15 * 10 * .2 = T acceleration of 15 kg block (assuming a = 4.5)
T = 15 (4.5) + 30 = 97.5 force required to accelerate 15 kg block
260 - 97.5 = 162.5 net force on 25 kg block
162.5 = 4.5 (25) + 25 * 10 * .2
162.5 = 112.5 + 50 = 162.5
4.5 m/s^2 checks out as correct
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