Answer:
Earth was barren, flat and almost entirely under water 4.4 billion years ago
Explanation:
Surface water changes into a gas and enters the atmosphere.
Therapeutic cloning<span>generates personalized ES cells
o Uses the technique of nuclear transplantation to produce cultured ES cells
o The cell that has received the transplanted nucleus is allowed to undergo the earliest steps of development giving rise to a very early embryo consisting of about 200 cells
• Not transferred into the uterus of a foster mother but used as a source from which ES cells are derived
o Cells obtained are genetically identical to the original donor
• Can be grafted back into the adult from whom the donor tissue was taken without fear of immunological rejection</span>
Answer:
We will produce lactate/lactic acid through fermentation.
Explanation:
During strenuous activities, muscle cells do not sufficient supply of oxygen to meet the energy requirements. As a result, anaerobic respiration occurs to temporarily supply energy and lactic acid is produced instead of carbondioxide and water.
Lactic acid accumulates in muscles and eventually preventing further contraction. The muscle cells are said to have incurred an 'oxygen dept' since they have used up more energy than was possible from the oxygen supplied to them. The largest amount of lactic acid a body of a trained athlete can tolerate is about 127grams, and the largest tolerable oxygen is about 16 litres.
Since the water concentration (also the water potential) is lower than the cell inside, the water will most likely flow from the cell out to the outside. This is because of osmosis, where the rule is water molecules will flow from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential, through a semi permeable membrane (cell membrane).
When the cell looses water, depending its whether a animal or plant cell, if it's an animal cell, it'll shrink. If it's an plant cell, since there is the presence of the cell wall, the cell membrane will detach from the cell wall, and this phenomenon is called plasmolysis.
