Due to the absorption of energy when chemical bonds are broken, and the release of energy when chemical bonds are formed, chemical reactions almost always involve a change in energy between products and reactants.
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Answer:
Answer is option D.
Olfactory nerve is a sensory cranial nerve.
Explanation:
Nerves are the part of peripheral nervous system, which transmit signals from brain or spinal cord (central nervous system) to the different parts of the body and vice versa.
Based on the direction of signal transmission, they are classified into three groups; sensory nerves (afferent nerves) pass signals from sensory receptors (pain, pressure, temperature etc) in various parts of the body to the central nervous system, motor nerves (efferent nerves) transmit signals from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands all throughout the body, mixed nerves contain both sensory and motor fibers which conduct both sensory information and muscle commands throughout the body.
Based on where they are connected to the central nervous system, they are classified into two groups; spinal nerves connected to the spinal cord and cranial nerves attached to the brain. All the 31 spinal nerves are combined sensory and motor axons.
Of the 12 cranial nerves, three are sensory nerves, four are motor nerves and five are mixed nerves. The sensory cranial nerves are olfactory (smell), optic (vision) and acoustovestibular (hearing and balance) nerves. The motor cranial nerves are trochlear (controls the superior oblique muscle of the eyeball), abducens (controls the lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball), accessory (controls the trapezius muscle in the back and shoulders), hypoglossal (controls the muscles of the throat and helps in swallowing) nerves. The five mixed cranial nerves are occulomotor, trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
The correct answer is: A. minus end; dynein
Microtubules are cytoskeletal fibers that have an important role in the intracellular transport (movement of vesicles within the cell) and in the mitotic spindle during mitosis. The plus end of the microtubules extend through the periphery of the cells while the minus ends are anchored within the centrosome.
Necessary proteins for the vesicle’s movement are motor proteins:
• kinesin which is positive end directed
• dynein which is negative end directed
So, beside vesicles these proteins are also involved in organelles’ transport in opposite directions through the cytoplasm.
Answer:
it is used to make alcohol
it is used in bread industries
it is used to clean up the environment
Explanation:
Answer:
Electron transfer to from cytochrome c to molecular Oxygen in the process of oxidative phosphorylation
Explanation:
Cytochrome c is a protein which is involved in the electron transport chain for the production of ATP molecules during then process of respiration. It a soluble protein found in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. It receives electrons from ubiquinone at Complex III of the electron transport chain and transfers this electron to molecular oxygen through its interaction with complex IV or cytochrome c oxidase, reducing molecular oxygen to water.
If the interaction of cytochrome c with cytochrome c oxidase is inhibited, the process of elctron transfer to oxygen will be inhibited and, so ATP synthesis will cease.
Ultimately, respiration will be inhibited resulting in death of the organism. For example, cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase resulting in death of the organism poisoned with cyanide.
