The statement above is TRUE.
The electrochemical gradient in the chloroplast is a gradient of electrochemical potential of ions which move across the membrane of the chloroplast during the photosynthesis process. The proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane drives the ATP synthesis during photosynthesis.
Answer:
The correct answer is given below:
Explanation:
Depending upon the availability of oxygen, pyruvic acid follows, a variety of metabolic pathways.
In the absence of oxygen or under anaerobic conditions, the pyruvic acid further metabolised into one of three pathways: lactic acid fermentation, alcohol fermentation and cellular anaerobic respiration. During fermentation or anaerobic respiration 2 ATP is produced.
In the presence of oxygen or under aerobic conditions, the pyruvic acid completely oxidised to carbon dioxide, water and 38 ATP.
It adds bases in only one direction.
No. It was an idea that yielded common positive results. “Not a good theory” is biased terminology. New technology can yield new information, but it does not mean that it was not a good theory.