This interaction process is an example of epigenesis.
Epigenesis is processes in which living organisms such as plants, animals and fungi grow from a seed, egg or spore through a series of steps in which cells differentiate and organs form. The theory of epigenesis which was created by C. F. Wolff claimed that structures emerge during development that are not initially formed.
Answer: C). Extraction
Explanation:
Minerals are the inorganic susbtances obtain from the under surface of the earth crust. They are collectively found in the geosphere of earth.
The mineral formation is a long geomorphic process it does not involve any biological activity. After mineral formation mineral extraction is the next step in the resource cycle.
The extraction process involves mining techniques.
Answer:
The correct answer would be C) It increases survival for cuckoos, but decreases survival of the other birds.
The host chicks often face lots of competition from the cuckoo chicks in terms of food as well as space. It makes it difficult for the host chicks to survive.
It has also been found that cuckoo chicks beg to be fed more intensely due to which host chick die due to starvation.
In addition, in some species of cuckoo, cuckoo chicks remove host eggs from the nest within few days of hatching.
the three kinds of nitrogenous wastes based on the energy required to synthesize them are arranged; Ammonia < urea < uric acid.
Nitrogenous wastes are the nitrogen compounds that organisms use to get rid of excess nitrogen. Ammonia, urea, and uric acid are the most common nitrogenous wastes that animals excrete. Protein metabolism generates all of these nitrogenous wastes.
Ammonia is the most toxic of these nitrogenous wastes, and it is the most common but requires the least energy. Urea is more harmful than uric acid, but it is less harmful than ammonia, reducing the amount of energy required to synthesize it. Uric acid is the least harmful, a non-poisonous particle with four nitrogen molecules. This is useful for birds and reptiles that lay hard eggs because it eliminates the most nitrogen, uses the least amount of water, and is not toxic. It also takes the most energy input.
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Cat (Australia); lots of cats became feral and they reproduce very fast. They became the apex predator and the native species have no defense system for them, so the cats brought tens of species on the verge of extinction (mainly placental mammals).
Fox (Australia); became an apex predator in the lack of competition, and damages the populations of native small placental mammals.
Hair (Australia); reproduces much quicker than the native species of mammals, increased significantly in numbers, and out competes the native species for the food sources.
African bee (the Americas); much more aggressive and stronger than the native bees and systematically kills their populations.
Grey squirrel (Britain); reproduces quicker than the red squirrel, is bigger, and out competes for food, brought it on the verge of extinction.
