Answer:
It contains enzymes, nutrients, wastes, and gases and contains cell structures such as ribosomes, a chromosome, and plasmids.
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide can be transported through the blood via three methods. It is dissolved directly in the blood, bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or converted into bicarbonate.
The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as part of the bicarbonate system. Carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells. Inside, carbonic anhydrase converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is subsequently hydrolyzed into bicarbonate (HCO3−) and H+. The H+ ion binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, and bicarbonate is transported out of the red blood cells in exchange for a chloride ion. This is called the chloride shift.
Bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the blood plasma. In the lungs, bicarbonate is transported back into the red blood cells in exchange for chloride. The H+ dissociates from hemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid with the help of carbonic anhydrase, which further catalyzes the reaction to convert carbonic acid back into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide is then expelled from the lungs.
Answer:
Kidneys are the important organ of excretion. Human kidneys are bean shaped located below the rib cage. Different vessels are involved in the transportation of blood from the abdominal aorta and back to the inferior vena cava.
The order of blood vessels are:
The blood enters in the aorta and and moves to the renal artery. Then the blood moves to the interlobar artery via segmental artery. The blood enters in the afferent glomerular arteriole from the arcuate artery and cortical radiate artery. Glomerulus receive the blood from the afferent glomerular arteriole. Then, the blood moves to the efferent glomerular arteriole. The blood then enters in the cortical radiate vein via peritubular capillaries and vasa recta. The blood moves back to the inferior vena cava from the arcuate vein, interlobar vein and renal vein.