Answer:
The plasma membrane, or the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions. One is to transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell.
Explanation:
ANSWER:
Cytokines, Chemokines, Leukocytes, Neutrophils, Macrophages, and Dendritic cells are all involved
EXPLANATION:
On the incidence of Streptococcus, the immune system activates a complex response that relies basically on the instatement and activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells.
These activities will only occur on the activation of innate immune responses through workout between pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with streptococcus derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
Moreso, cytokines and chemokines (well known are IL-1β and CXCL1 respectively) produced by macrophages and dendritic cells on exposure to Streptococcus, elicits neutrophil.
Neutrophils then produces antimicrobial proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sometimes neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), all these for the bacterial infection control.
Answer:
The correct answer is ''carbon dioxide, water vapor and nitrogen.''
Explanation:
About 4.5 billion years ago, Earth was a very geologically active planet. So many volcanic fumes formed the primitive atmosphere, which was mostly made up of water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrogen. At this point, oxygen was barely present and the oceans did not yet exist. The primitive atmosphere is the one before the Precambrian, it was reductive, that is, it lacked free oxygen, and only had ammonia, methane and hydrogen, the high temperature of the atmosphere in its early stages facilitated the reaction of these gases to form organic compounds from which life may have emerged. UV rays passed, because ozone did not exist.
This is called 'controlled' or 'prescribed' burning. Usually fires in the environment are regarded as undesirable and dangerous, but fires actually fulfil an important ecological role, and animals and plants had adapted to a certain frequency and intensity of fires. The seeds of some trees or grasses germinate after forest or grass fires, as the more open conditions after a fire allows the seedlings to compete and avoid being shaded and smothered by more established trees. Unfortunately, farming and forestry practices have in many cases resulted in a reduction of fires. A reduction in the frequency of fires also allows the build up of dead wood, and when a wild fire does occur, the amount of available fuel results in very hot, large and damaging fires. Therefore, management of forests and other environments such as prairies often use controlled burns to avoid the buildup of dead organic mass and to replicate the natural fire cycle.
Plants respond immediately to the gravitational attraction of the Earth as well as to light. Stems develop away from the center of the Earth and toward the light due to negative gravitropism.
<h3>What is negative gravitropism?</h3>
Negative gravitropism occurs when shoots develop in the opposite direction of gravity toward sunlight.
Plants respond immediately to the gravitational attraction of the Earth as well as to light. Stems develop away from the center of the Earth and toward the light due to negative gravitropism.
Thus, the given experiment shows negative gravitropism.
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