2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is being synthesized in following sequence:
Step 1: Chlorination of Benzene:
This is Halogenation reaction of benzene. In this step benzene is reacted with Chlorine gas in the presence of lewis acid (i.e. FeCl₃). This results in the formation of Chlorobenzene as shown in red step below.
Step 2: Nitration of Chlorobenzene:
The chlorine atom on benzene has a ortho para directing effect. Therefore, the nitration of chlorobenzene will yield para nitro chlorobenzene as shown in blue step below.
Step 3: Bromination of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene:
In this step bromination is done by reacting bromine in the presence of lewis acid. The chlorine being ortho para directing in nature and nitro group being meta directing in nature will direct the incoming Br⁺ (electrophile) to the desired location. Hence, 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is synthesized in good yield.
The rest of the wood was burned into gases of equivalent weight.
<u>Explanation</u>:
The rest of the wood was burned into gases of equivalent weight.
- When wood is burnt in the open air, with the help of oxygen and heat, it is transformed into carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ashes.
- Ignition and combustion of wood mainly depend on pyrolysis which is also known as thermal combustion.
- The loss in weight of the ashes is due to the fact that gases and water vapor are also formed due to the combustion of wood.
One mole of CS₂ and two moles of H₂S are formed as products and 3 moles of CH₄ are leftover.
<h3>What is the limiting reagent?</h3>
A limiting reagent is a reactant that is fully exhausted from the reaction mixture at the completion of a reaction. The limiting reactant will decide the maximum amount of product.
Given, a balanced chemical equation of the reaction between methane and sulphur is:
Given, the number of moles of the sulphur = 4
The number of moles of methane = 4
From the chemical reaction, one mole of methane reacts with four moles of sulphur. Therefore, four moles of sulphur fully react with one mole of methane and three moles of methane leftover.
Learn more about limiting reagents, here:
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Answer:
+2
Explanation:
If a compound 
existed, we would identify the oxidation state of sulfur using the following logic:
- oxygen is more electronegative than sulfur, so it's more electron-withdrawing and it should have a negative oxidation state producing a positive oxidation state for sulfur;
- oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2;
- we may then apply the fact that SO is expected to be a molecule with a net charge of 0;
- if the net charge is 0 and the oxidation state of oxygen is -2, we may set the oxidation state of S to x;
- write the equation for the net charge of 0 by adding all individual charges of the two atoms:
; - hence, x = 2.
That said, in this hypothetical compound S would have an oxidation state of +2.
