If both bars are made of a good conductor, then their specific heat capacities must be different. If both are metals, specific heat capacities of different metals can vary by quite a bit, eg, both are in kJ/kgK, Potassium is 0.13, and Lithium is very high at 3.57 - both of these are quite good conductors.
If one of the bars is a good conductor and the other is a good insulator, then, after the surface application of heat, the temperatures at the surfaces are almost bound to be different. This is because the heat will be rapidly conducted into the body of the conducting bar, soon achieving a constant temperature throughout the bar. Whereas, with the insulator, the heat will tend to stay where it's put, heating the bar considerably over that area. As the heat slowly conducts into the bar, it will also start to cool from its surface, because it's so hot, and even if it has the same heat capacity as the other bar, which might be possible, it will eventually reach a lower, steady temperature throughout.
Answer:
Consider the diagram. We are effectively being asked to prove that $\alpha=i_1$, for any value of $i_1$. Now, from trigonometry,
Explanation:
Density = (mass) / (volume)
4,000 kg/m³ = (mass) / (0.09 m³)
Multiply each side
by 0.09 m³ : (4,000 kg/m³) x (0.09 m³) = mass
mass = 360 kg .
Force of gravity = (mass) x (acceleration of gravity)
= (360 kg) x (9.8 m/s²)
= (360 x 9.8) kg-m/s²
= 3,528 newtons .
That's the force of gravity on this block, and it doesn't matter
what else is around it. It could be in a box on the shelf or at
the bottom of a swimming pool . . . it's weight is 3,528 newtons
(about 793.7 pounds).
Now, it won't seem that heavy when it's in the water, because
there's another force acting on it in the upward direction, against
gravity. That's the buoyant force due to the displaced water.
The block is displacing 0.09 m³ of water. Water has 1,000 kg of
mass in a m³, so the block displaces 90 kg of water. The weight
of that water is (90) x (9.8) = 882 newtons (about 198.4 pounds),
and that force tries to hold the block up, against gravity.
So while it's in the water, the block seems to weigh
(3,528 - 882) = 2,646 newtons (about 595.2 pounds) .
But again ... it's not correct to call that the "force of gravity acting
on the block in water". The force of gravity doesn't change, but
there's another force, working against gravity, in the water.
