Abiotic factors are the non-living parts of the environment that can often have a major influence on living organisms. Abiotic factors include water, sunlight, oxygen, soil and temperature.
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A buffer is a solution encompassing a weak acid and its conjugate base in alike amounts. This combination reduces the pH change upon addition of strong acid or base by converting H1+ (or OH1-) to weaker acids or bases. This primarily consist of compounds that stabilize the pH of a solution by removing or replacing hydrogen ions. Also, substances that resist change in pH.
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Descenso común describe cómo en biología evolutiva un grupo de organismos comparte un ancestro común más reciente. Hay evidencia de descendencia común de que toda la vida en la Tierra desciende del último ancestro común universal.
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