Which characteristic is a behavior adaptation in birds?
2 answers:
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Solution :
In the field of chemistry, the cationic polymerization is a kind of the chain growth polymerization where the cation initiator transfers the charge to the monomer and makes it more reactive. This kind of polymerization reaction is very sensitive to the temperature. With increase in temperature, the molecular weight as well as the reaction rate decreases rapidly.
Thus in the cationic polymerization of the 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene, the carbonation intermediate is formed and it rearranges itself. The attack o the 2nd alkene ca take place both the carbonations, so that random copolymer is formed.
Answer: (Structure attached).
Explanation:
This type of reaction is an aromatic electrophilic substitution. The overall reaction is the replacement of a proton (H +) with an electrophile (E +) in the aromatic ring.
The aromatic ring in p-fluoroanisole has two sustituents, an <u>halogen</u> and a <u>methoxy group</u>, which are <em>ortho-para</em> directing substituents.
Aryl sulfonic acids are easily synthesized by an electrophilic substitution reaction aromatic using <u>sulfur trioxide as an electrophile</u> (very reactive).
The reaction occurs in three steps:
- The attack on the electrophile forms the sigma complex.
- The loss of a proton regenerates an aromatic ring.
- The sulfonate group can be protonated in the presence of a strong acid (H₂SO₄).
Normally, a mixture of <em>ortho-para</em> substituted products would be obtained. However, since both <em>para</em> positions are occupied, only the <em>ortho </em>substituted product is obtained here.
