Answer:
anaphase, think a=apart and the chromosomes are being pulled apart
Carbohydrate residues attached to the membrane lipids are always positioned on the extracellular side of the membrane
Carbohydrates are significant parts of the cell membrane, present just on the external surface of the plasma layer, and are appended to proteins, framing glycoproteins, or lipids, and framing glycolipids. These carbohydrate chains might comprise 2-60 monosaccharide units and can be either straight or branched.
The carbohydrates of the membrane are engaged with cell bond and acknowledgment and go about as a physical barrier. Enormous, uncharged particles, for example, glucose can't diffuse through the membrane.
These carbohydrates structure particular cell markers, that permit cells to perceive one another. These markers are vital in the resistant framework, permitting safe cells to separate between body cells, which they shouldn't assault, and unfamiliar cells or tissues, which they ought to.
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Based on the CDC guidelines a person with a CD4+ cell count between 200-400 is regarded as being in <u>the second stage</u> of the HIV infection.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a condition caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). AIDS is a chronic disorder and can become life-threatening for the infected person. The HIV viruses reproduce inside the host and while doing so they destroy the CD4+ immune cells which reduce the person's ability to fight against other diseases.
CD4+ cell count and AIDS
According to the CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), HIV infection is categorized into different stages based on the number of CD4+ cells.
- Stage 1: - CD4+ cell count is more than 500 per microlitre. There are no symptoms or AIDS-related conditions.
- Stage 2: - CD4+ cell count is more than 500 per microlitre. There are no symptoms or AIDS-related conditions.
- Stage 3: - The CD4+ cell count falls below 200 and AIDS-related symptoms and conditions are present.
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The investigators could distinguish human hair from animal hair by the patter of pigmentation and by the medullary index.
The pigmentation in human hairs is denser toward the cuticle, whereas in animal hair is denser toward the medulla. Human hairs are usually one colour throughout the whole length, while animal hairs may change colour suddenly.
The medulla in humans is thinner than in animals: the medullary index for human hairs is 0.33 or less; the medullary index for animal hairs is 0.5 or more.
