Answer:
The correct answer is -
Parent 1: RW, Parent 2: RR
Explanation:
In the given punnet square there are four offspring and it is a monohybrid cross between parent 1 and parent 2. The four offspring produced in this cross have RR, RR, RW, and RW alleles. By the genotype of the offsprings, it is clear that there are 50 percent pure or true-bred and 50 percent are heterozygous.
Each parent contribute two alleles and these alleles are independently assort in the zygote to form offspring so there must be R, R, R and W allele present in the parent
Parent 2 → R R
Parent 1 ↓ R RR RR (one allele (R) come from each parent in zygote)
W RW RW (one allele (R and W) come from each parent)
Explanation:
B) protein channel
Lipids are composed of fatty acids which form the hydrobic tail and glycerol which forms the hydrophilic head; glycerol is a 3-Carbon alcohol which is water soluble, while the fatty acid tail is a long chain hydrocarbon (hydrogens attached to a carbon backone) with up to 36 carbons.
Their polarity or arrangement can give these non-polar macromolecules hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. Via <em>diffusion,</em> small water molecules can move across the phospholipid bilayer acts as a semi-permeable membrane into the extracellular fluid or the cytoplasm which are both hydrophilic and contain large concentrations of polar water molecules or other water-soluble compounds. The hydrophilic heads of the bilayer are attracted to water while their water-repellent hydrophobic tails face towards each other- allowing molecules of water to diffuse across the membrane along the concentration gradient.
Transmembrane proteins are embedded within the membrane from the extracellular fluid to the cytoplasm, and are sometimes attached to glycoproteins (proteins attached to carbohydrates) which function as cell surface markers. Carrier proteins and channel proteins are the two major classes of membrane transport proteins.
- Carrier proteins (also called carriers, permeases, or transporters) bind the specific solute to be transported and undergo a series of conformational changes to transfer the bound solute across the membrane. Transport proteins spanning the plasma membrane facilitate the movement of ions and other complex, polar molecules which are typically prevented from moving across the membrane.
- Channel proteins which are pores filled with water versus enabling charged molecules to diffuse across the membrane, from regions of high concentration to regions of lower concentration. This is a passive part of facilitated diffusion
Learn more about membrane components at brainly.com/question/1971706
Learn more about plasma membrane transport at brainly.com/question/11410881
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Answer:
Climate change is partly the result of an increased concentration of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide
Explanation:
Increased concentration of carbon dioxide, leads to change in temperature because it traps the heat in the Earth's atmosphere. For greenhouse, carbon dioxide is the main gas. The other green house gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. Absence of the greenhouse leads to the average temperature of about -18 degree Celsius. But when these gases are present the average temperature is about 15 degree Celsius.