Answer:
The arrow shows that the bond between the chlorine atom and the fluorine atom is polar. The electrons in the bond are pulled more strongly by the fluorine atom, and the chlorine atom is slightly positive.
Explanation:
The covalent bond is the chemical bond between atoms where electrons are shared, forming a molecule. Covalent bonds are established between non-metallic elements, such as hydrogen H, oxygen O and chlorine Cl.
The covalent bond between two atoms can be polar or nonpolar. This depends on the type of atoms that make it up: if the atoms are equal, the bond will be nonpolar (since no atom attracts electrons more strongly). But, if the atoms are different, the bond will be polarized towards the most electronegative atom, because it will be the atom that attracts the electron pair with more force. Then it will be polar.
So in this case, being two non-metallic elements, it is a covalent bond, and, following the definition previously presented, it is a polar bond, indicated by the arrow shown in the image.
The arrow also indicates that the atoms shared between both elements are more strongly attracted by F, due to the fact that it has a higher electronegativity. And since the electrons are negatively charged, fluorine will have a slightly negative charge, while chlorine will have a slightly positive charge.
So, finally, the arrow shows that the bond between the chlorine atom and the fluorine atom is polar. The electrons in the bond are pulled more strongly by the fluorine atom, and the chlorine atom is slightly positive.