Answer:
Difficult entry, Mutual interdependence, Market is control by a few large firms.
Explanation:
An Oligopolistic market very few organisations control a particular market share. Likewise, when another organisation attempts to enter the market, there are obstructions set up by the current organisations. Similarly, if one organisation changes or alter a commodity, it affects all other firms and organisations. So there is mutual interdependence in the oligopolistic market. There is high mutual interdependence because firms produce identical or the same goods and services.
Answer:
The difference between autonomous expenditure and induced expenditure is as follows:
The autonomous expenditure is incurred even without a disposable income. The expenditure is incurred to provide basic necessities of life. In such a situation, the person spends from savings account or borrows to ensure that the basic necessities are provided.
On the other hand, induced expenditure is a disposable income-based expenditure. This implies that when disposable income rises, induced expenditure also rises, and vice versa. Induced expenditure is usually incurred to fund normal goods and services and not necessities. Without disposable income, there is no induced expenditure.
All the four sectors of the economy engage in these expenditures. The public (government) and household sectors are mostly affected. However, even the business and non-profit sectors are also affected by these types of expenditure.
Explanation:
We can distinguish between two types of aggregate expenditure. The first one is autonomous aggregate expenditure, which does not vary with the level of real GDP while induced aggregate expenditure varies with real GDP.
Alcohol is most effective when used as a 70% solution.
Answer:
a. 3.56%
b. 2.31%
Explanation:
In this question, we use the Rate formula which is shown in the spreadsheet.
The NPER represents the time period.
Given that,
Present value = $1,040
Assuming figure - Future value or Face value = $1,000
PMT = 1,000 × 4% ÷ 2 = $20
NPER = 11 years × 2 = 22 years
The formula is shown below:
= Rate(NPER;PMT;-PV;FV;type)
The present value come in negative
So, after solving this,
1. The pretax cost of debt is = 2 × 1.78% = 3.56%
2. And, the after tax cost of debt would be
= Pretax cost of debt × ( 1 - tax rate)
= 3.56% × ( 1 - 0.35)
= 2.31%