In photosynthesis, the movement of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen is proton gradient and is coupled to<u> transfer of </u><u>protons</u>.
Protons are transported across the thylakoid membrane and into the lumen through the electron transport chain (the space inside the thylakoid disk). Protons are simultaneously removed from the stroma by reduction of NADPH and added to the lumen via water splitting (the space outside the thylakoids). Protons are pumped from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen as a result of the electron passing through the first link in the electron transport chain. A fourth protein complex in the thylakoid membrane, ATP synthase, then uses the energy stored in this proton gradient to produce ATP. This protein complex, like the mitochondrial enzyme, links proton flow back across the membrane to the creation of ATP.
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Answer:
profase metafase anafase y telofase
Explanation:
el proceso se lleva a cabo en dos divisiones nucleares y citoplasmatica llamadas primera y segunda división meotica o simplemente meosis l y meosis ll ambas comprenden profase metafase anafase y telofase
Convection currents in magma drive plate tectonics. The answer is true.
Answer:
I think the answer is To make energy
Explanation:
To release energy and carbon dioxide from the food with the help of the oxygen.
Internal means its on the inside
external means its on the outside
so an internal regulator is when the proteins respond to events on the inside of a cell
and an external regulator is when the proteins respond to events outside the cell