A couple of years: Is usually when a budget is usually constructed.
In a pure market economy, the "What to produce?" question is ultimately answered by : consumer sovereignty.
Explanation:
Market autonomy is a two-way economic concept. Market autonomy in production applies to what finished products should be produced from these materials to the control power of the customers over those with scarce resources.
For example, the highest levels of consumer autonomy occur of consumers on the free market. The customer can buy any product in any quantity he wants. But the state or central government decides what to manufacture in a command economy.
Answer:
The change in operating income for GM is that the operating income will increase by the amount of other pension costs less expected returns.
However, this change will not affect the net income, as all the items will still be accounted for, accordingly.
Explanation:
GM's pension service cost is the present value of the amount that the GM is required by law to set aside annually to meet its employees' pension-benefits obligations. The reason for the separation is that the service cost is a compensation cost, whereas other pension costs are financial costs and not compensation costs. By this separation, the operating income of GM will increase.
Answer:
Calculate the tax consequence of withdrawal from retirement account.
T and L are 40 years old and decide to withdraw $2,100 from their IRA. They lie in a 35% marginal tax bracket.
Analysis
They are withdrawing some amount from their retirement fund. They have to pay the tax and penalty for early withdrawals from the retirement fund. The withdrawal amount is $2,100 so they have to pay tax on it. The tax rate will be 35% which is their marginal tax bracket.
Calculation of tax consequences if withdrawal amount is $2,100:
Ordinary income tax amount calculates by multiplying the withdrawal amount with the ordinary tax rate.
= $2100 × 35%
= $735
The withdrawal amount attracts the 10% penalty. So, the penalty amount is calculated as follows: Penalty on withdrawn funds calculates by multiplying the withdrawn funds with the percentage of penalty.
= $2100 × 10%
= $210
(NOTE: - T and L have to pay ordinary income tax along with the penalty on their withdrawal because they are withdrawing funds from their IRA before age 59.5.)
Total expenses include the tax amount and penalty charge on withdrawal amount. So, it is calculated as follows:
Total expenses =$735 + $210
Total expenses = $945
Conclusion
Therefore, T and L would incur a tax of $945 on their withdrawal. This $945 is the sum of income tax amount and penalty on withdrawal balance.
Answer:
Explanation:
Experiments were performed for 240 people, 60 people test positive.
Step 1: we calculate the sample proportion; p= 60/240= 0.25.
Step 2: calculate the standard error for the sample, which is the square root of sample proportion,p = p(1-p)/n, n=100
0.25(1-0.25)/100
= 0.04.
Step 3: calculate the test statistics; assuming the hypothesis test percentage is 25%
Then, we say 0.25-1=0.75
-0.75/0.04
= -1.875.
In particular, the sample results are -1.875 standard error.
Probability of Z is less than -1.875.
Look up it value in the Z table
