Answer:
b. allele
Explanation:
An allele is a variant form of a gene. In this problem, there is one gene (that determines seed color) with two possible alleles (green and yellow).
<u>The other options are wrong because:</u>
The genotype is the combination of alleles an individual has.
The karyotype is an individual's collection of chromosomes, paired and ordered.
A homozygote individual has the same alleles for a particular gene.
A heterozygote individual has different alleles for a particular gene.
Active transport.
Passive transport, being its opposite, requires no energy at all. Therefore, active transport would require energy or ATP in order to move across.
Hope this helps!
Protons and Neutrons affect the mass. Protons and Electrons change the charge of the atom (positively or negatively charged). Valence electrons are the ones that do fun stuff in chemical reactions, they are responsible for making/breaking bonds, at least to my understanding.
Hope this helps.