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2 years ago

Which of the following molecules are ionic?

Chemistry

2 answers:

kkurt [141]2 years ago

6 0

1st one is E
2nd one is also E

Vaselesa [24]2 years ago

4 0

Answer:

For A: The correct answer is Option E.

For B: The correct answer is Option E.

Explanation:

For A:

Ionic compound is defined as the compound which is formed by complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom.

This bond is usually formed between a metal and a non-metal or a metal reacts with a polyatomic ion or a reaction between two polyatomic ions takes place.

For the given options:

Option A: $RbNO_3$

This compound is formed by the combination of $Rb^+\text{ and }NO_3^-$ ions. Rubidium is a metal and nitrate is a polyatomic ion

Hence, it is an ionic compound.

Option B: $Na_2SO_4$

This compound is formed by the combination of $Na^+\text{ and }SO_4^{2-}$ ions. Sodium is a metal and sulfate is a polyatomic ion

Hence, it is an ionic compound.

Option C: $MgCl_2$

This compound is formed by the combination of $Mg^{2+}\text{ and }Cl^-$ ions. Magnesium is a metal and chlorine is a non-metal

Hence, it is an ionic compound.

Option D: $NaI$

This compound is formed by the combination of $Na^+\text{ and }I^-$ ions. Sodium is a metal and iodine is a non-metal

Hence, it is an ionic compound.

Thus, the correct answer is Option E.

For B:

Covalent compound is defined as the compound which is formed when sharing of electrons takes place between the atoms. This is usually formed between two non-metals.

Option A: $SO_2$

This compound is formed by the combination of sulfur and oxygen atoms. Both are non-metals.

Hence, it is a covalent compound.

Option B: $C_2H_2O$

This compound is formed by the combination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. All are non-metals.

Hence, it is a covalent compound.

Option C: $NO_2$

This compound is formed by the combination of nitrogen and oxygen atoms. Both are non-metals.

Hence, it is a covalent compound.

Option D: $SiO_2$

This compound is formed by the combination of silicon and oxygen atoms. Both are non-metals.

Hence, it is a covalent compound.

Thus, the correct answer is Option E.

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Answer:

The process which releases most heat is E)

Explanation:

As we know that water freezes at 0ºC and vaporizes at 100ºC, we calculate the heat as follows:

Processes with temperatures < 0ºC : by using specific heat of ice (Sh ice) multiplied by the change in temperature (ΔT= Final Temperature - Initial Temperature)⇒ Sh ice x ΔT

Processes of ice melting (at 0ºC): by using heat of fusion of ice (ΔH fus) multiplied by a conversor factor (1 mol H20= 18 g)⇒ ΔHfus x 1mol/18g

Processes between 0ºC and 100ºC: by using specific heat of liquid water (Sh liq) multiplied by change in temperature ⇒ Sh liq x ΔT

Processes of water evaporation (at 100ºC): by using heat of vaporization (ΔH vap) multiplied by the conversor factor ⇒ ΔH vap x 1mol/18 g

Processes at a temperature >100ºC: by using specific heat of water vapor (Sh vap) multiplied by the change in temperature ⇒ Sh vap x ΔT

A) Water at -25ºC is ice. Ice is heated from -25ºC to 0ºC, then it melts at 0ºC (ice became liquid water) and then liquid water is heated from 0ºC to 70ºC. T

This is the only process in with the heat is absorbed (not releases), so it cannot be the right answer, but we calculate the heat involved to practice:

Heat= (Sh ice x ΔT) + (ΔH fus x 1/18 g) + Sh liq x ΔT

Heat= (2.05 J/g ºC x (0ºC -(-25ºC) ) + (6.01 x 10³ J/mol x 1 mol/18 g) + (4.18 J/g ºC x (70ºC-0ºC)

Heat= 51.25 J + 333,8 J +292.6 J

Heat= 677.65 J (heat is absorbed)

B) Water is cooled from 13ºC to 0ºC, then it is freezed at 0ºC and then the ice is cooled from 0ºC to -2.6 ºC

Heat= (Sh liq x ΔT) + (-ΔH melt x 1/18 g) + (Sh ice x ΔT)

Heat= 4.18 J/ºC x (0ºC- 13ºC) + (-6.01 x 10³ J/mol x 1mol/18 g) + (2.05 J/ºC x (-2.5ºc - 0ºC)

Heat= -54.34 J - 333.8 J + 5.33 J

Heat= -393.47 J (heat is released)

C) Liquid water is cooled from 74ºC to 95ºC

Heat= Sh liq x ΔT

Heat= 4.18 J/ºC x (74ºC - 95ºC)

Heat = -87.78 J (heat is released)

D) Water at 140ºC is in vapor state. Vapor at 140ºC is cooled to 110ºC (still vapor).

Heat = Sh vap x ΔT

Heat= 2.01 J/ºC x (110ºC - 140ºC)

Heat= -60.3 J (heat is released)

E) Vapor at 106ºC is cooled to 100ºC, then it condenses at 100ºC (convertion from gas to liquid), and liquid water is cooled from 100ºC to 88ºC.

Heat= (Sh vap x ΔT) + (-ΔHvap x 1mol/18g) + (Sh liq x ΔT)

Heat= (2.01 J/ºC x (100ºC-106ºC)) - (40.7 x 10³ J/mol x 1mol/18 g) + (4.18 J/ºC x (88ºC -100ºC)

Heat= -2323.32 J (heat is released) THIS IS THE RIGHT ANSWER (the more negative= the more released)

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2 years ago

Match each term with its definition.

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Answer:

The position of an equilibrium always shifts in such a direction as to relieve a stress applied to the system -Le Chåtelier's principle

A molecule that donates a proton when it encounters a proton acceptor.- Bronsted-Lowry acid

Occurs when a reaction involving an acid and its conjugate base is combined with a second reaction involving a base and its conjugate acid.- Neutralization

It ionizes completely when dissolved in water.- Strong acid

The shift in the position of equilibrium caused by the addition of a participating ion.- Common ion effect

It only partially ionizes when dissolved in water.- Weak electrolyte

It is capable of acting as either an acid or a base depending upon the solute- Amphoteric solvent

The act of self-ionization of a solvent to produce both a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.- Auto-protolysis

A chemical species that bears both positive and negative charges.- Zwitterion

Explanation:

In the answer box we have various chemical terminologies and their definitions. In answering the question, you must carefully read through each definition, then check what option best matches that definition from the options provided.

Each definition applies only to one terminology as you can see in the answer above.

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