The earth science is the branch of science that deals with the physical aspects of the earth and its atmosphere. In this case, there are four major field of earth science are involved that are geology, oceanology, meteorology and astronomy.
Geology is the study of composition of the earth. In this case, the meteor causes the earthquake and the study of earthquake comes under the field of geology. Hence, a geologist will study the occurrence of earthquake.
Oceanology involves the study of various aspects of oceans. In this case, the flood is the associated with the oceans and an oceanologist will study the occurrence of major flood and large waves to shore.
Meteorology involves the study of atmosphere, weather and climate. The meteorologist will study the changes in the weather and find out the different reason for the cooler weather.
Astronomy is the study of extraterrestrial objects. The meteor is an extra terrestrial object and the study of the meteor and its collapse to Earth would be studied under astronomy.