When using context clues readers should not deteriorate their phonetic decoding skills. Having said that, early reading training does in fact make use of context cues. The important thing to remember is that context should be used to aid phonetic decoding (and subsequently orthographic mapping), not to take its place.
The seven strategies for using context clues while reading are:
- Word Parts - To determine a word's meaning, dissect its various components, including the base word (also known as the word stem or root word), prefixes, and suffixes.
- Identify any definitions or justifications that are contained inside the sentence.
- Words next to an unidentified term may serve as a hint that it has a synonym.
- Giving examples of the unfamiliar word can help readers understand its meaning.
- Words and phrases like unlike, as opposed to, and different from can be used to offset the opposing information about the unknown term in an antonym or contrast.
- Analogy: The meaning of a word is revealed through comparisons.
- Look for the grammatical structure of appositives to find examples, synonyms, or definitions.
Therefore, when using context clues readers should not deteriorate their phonetic decoding skills. It is frequently helpful to consider what follows before and after a new word while attempting to understand its meaning. Readers can benefit from context hints regarding the new word's meaning, structure, and usage from the terms around it.
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