Understanding the ages of related fossil species aids scientists in reconstructing an organism's evolutionary history. Relative dating arranges geologic events in chronological order without requiring each event to be assigned a specific numerical age.
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The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth's solid outer crust, the lithosphere, is separated into plates that move over the asthenosphere, the molten upper portion of the mantle. Oceanic and continental plates come together, spread apart, and interact at boundaries all over the planet. It was proposed by Alfred Wegener.
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