A chemical sedimentary rock?
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory. The presence of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels near excitatory synapses on dendritic spines suggests their possible involvement in synaptic plasticity. However, whether activity-dependent regulation of channels affects excitatory synaptic plasticity is unknown. In a companion article we have reported activity-dependent regulation of GIRK channel density in cultured hippocampal neurons that requires activity oF receptors (NMDAR) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and takes place within 15 min. In this study, we performed whole-cell recordings of cultured hippocampal neurons and found that NMDAR activation increases basal GIRK current and GIRK channel activation mediated by adenosine A(1) receptors, but not GABA(B) receptors. Given the similar involvement of NMDARs, adenosine receptors, and PP1 in depotentiation of LTP caused by low-frequency stimulation that immediately follows LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation, we wondered whether NMDAR-induced increase in GIRK channel surface density and current may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying this specific depotentiation. Remarkably, GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolishes depotentiation of LTP, demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for depotentiation, one form of excitatory synaptic plasticity.
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False because the pumpkin could have been mixed with a different kind of pumpkin which may have affected the color.
Answer:
AA AT TT
GG AG AG AG TG TG TG
GC AG AC AG TC
ó
AC TG TG TC
CC AC AC AC TC TC TC
Explanation:
Haplotype research served to discover the origin of genetic mutations that today manifest as pathologies.
It is very important to know that there are no equal haplotypes in two or more different humans.
They are the allelic constitution of multiple loci for the same chromosome.
Furthermore, haplotypes are very good for studying population genetics.
I leave you a table that will help you for this exercise or many more, where the haplotype system is outlined.
