When the terms of trade improve, it means that a country is actually selling more goods and services to foreign countries than the total amount of goods and services it is importing from foreign countries. For every dollar that a country is exporting, it is importing less than 1 dollar. But this improvement in the terms of trade will actually result in an appreciation of the domestic currency. This means that for every dollar that you export, you will be able to import more goods from foreign countries.
Suppose there is pessimism in an economy because of corporate scandals, international tensions, loss of confidence, etc. This is going to adversely affect the economy. Because of corporate scandals, the investment will decline. Loss of confidence in consumers will cause a reduction in consumption spending. International tensions cause net exports to decline.
All of this causes aggregate demand to decline. The aggregate demand curve moves to the left. This leftward shift causes both the quantity of output and price to fall. As output fall real GDP will decline as well.
A change in depreciation method is treated as a change in estimate that is achieved by a change in accounting principle, and is accounted for prospectively in the current and future periods.
The rules and regulations that businesses and other organizations must abide by when reporting financial data are known as accounting principles. These regulations standardize the terminology and procedures that accountants must employ, making it simpler to analyze financial data.
A unified set of accounting guidelines, methods, and standards known as generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) were released by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
The consistency that accounting principles establish enables more accurate and effective viewing of financial statements and reporting for businesses.
