Bacteria have different phage resistance mechanisms, such as spontaneous mutations, the CRISPR-Cas system.
Spontaneous mutations are the main mechanisms leading to phage resistance by altering the structure of bacterial wall components that act as phage receptors. These include lipopolysaccharides (LPS), outer membrane proteins, cell wall teichoic acids, capsules, and other bacterial components.
<span>The S strain of bacteria that Griffith used was virulent meaning that when injected into the mouse, the mouse would die from pneumonia The R strain was nonvirulent and did not result in the death of the mouse. When Griffith injected mice with a dead S strain of pneumatic bacteria the mice remained healthy.
I hope this helps!
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Primary succession is ecological succession that begins in essentially lifeless areas, such as regions in which there is no soil or where the soil is incapable of sustaining life because of recent lava flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left from a retreating glacier.
Answer:
The correct answer will be- true.
Explanation:
The endo-membrane system is the system which is formed by the group of the membranes and organelles. These membrane and organelles are considered endomembrane as they work together to perform the inter-related functions like the packaging, modification ad transport of the lipids and the proteins.
This system comprises of the nuclear membrane also as the outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (organelle) directly and helps the synthesis and modification of the proteins and lipids. other organelles are the Golgi apparatus, vesicles, lysosomes and endosomes.
Thus, option-true is the correct answer.
Explanation:
As I think option D is the correct one.
