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A meaningful quote and/or a universal idea could serve as hooks for the introuction of a literary analysis.
An analgy or metaphor is typically used in a compare contrast essay, a definition of terms is more for a research paper as is a startling fact.
Darry is a twenty-year old greaser who is raising Ponyboy, because his parents passed away in a car crash. Although very intelligent, Darry has quit school to work two jobs to keep his family thriving. He is very heroic.
Your answer is: Young man caring for an orphan boy. Darry quits school to work to keep his family from being homeless
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Contrast: Insects may have entered a cool home and earthworms would have escaped to under the cool soil.
Compare: They both may have gone to a chilly area from their instincts.